Chemical properties of p, pddt cas 50293 download as pdf file download as excel file download as 2d mole file predict properties. States for the control of mosquitoes that spread malaria. Ddd was also used in the past to kill pests, but to a far. Niosh pocket guide to chemical hazards 2005149 3rd. Its breakdown products and metabolites, dde and ddd, are also persistent and have similar chemical and physical properties. Chemical information resources pointing to biomedical information, chemidplus structurename file, hsdb structure file, nci3d structure file, search by name, structure, substructure with hyperlinked locators for immediate searches of toxicology and medical data by cas registry number. Pesticides are distributed in the environment by physical processes such as sedimentation, adsorption, and volatilization. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, commonly known as ddt, is a colorless, tasteless, and. Compilation, evaluation, and selection of physical. However, technicalgrade ddt, the grade that was generally used as an. Physical properties of ddt created by the reaction of trichloroethanol with chlorobenzene stable, nonflammable, combustible molecule able to perform substitution reactions because of its. Some chemicals in this database contain more information than others due to the original reason this information was collected and how the compilation was accomplished.
Ecological soil screening levels for ddt and metabolites. Note that use of ddt as aninsecticide is banned in most. The physical and chemical properties of ddt and its metabolites enable these. Properties of polyhalogen compound ddtwhat are polyhalides. Physical and chemical properties benzene is a cyclic hydrocarbon with a chemical formula c 6 h 6, that is, each carbon atom in benzene is arranged in a sixmembered ring and is bonded to only one hydrogen atom. When we refer to ddt, we are generally referring to. Depending on the structure of the molecule, these physical and chemical properties span a large range of values. These experts collectively have knowledge of ddt, dde, and ddds physical and chemical properties, toxicokinetics, key health end points, mechanisms of action, human and animal exposure, and quantification of risk to humans. Synthetic pesticides are classified based on various ways depending on the needs. Note that use of ddt as aninsecticide is banned in most countries. Ddt is an extremely persistent compound due to its near insolubility in water and tendency to bioaccumulate in fatty tissue and biomagnify throughout trophic levels. The physical and chemical properties of ddt and its metabolites enable these compounds to be taken up readily by organisms from the surrounding medium. Clofenotane c14h9cl5 cid 3036 structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities.
Physical chemical properties of several organophosphates. Now chlorobenzene is used as a solvent for some pesticide formulations, to degrease automobile parts, and as a chemical intermediate to make several other chemicals. Like cadmium, zinc and lead, mercury is a naturally occurring element known as a heavy metal and can be toxic to living organisms. Chemical processes generally occur in water or the atmosphere and follow one of four reactions. Nptn technical fact sheets are designed to provide. Some of these characteristics are described in the physical and chemical properties section table 1 of a pesticides safety data sheet sds.
The physical and chemical properties of ddt and its metabolites enable these compounds to be taken up readily by organisms from the surrounding medium and from food. It was used in the past to make other chemicals, such as phenol and ddt. Chemical and physical properties of the ddt molecule ddt or dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane clc6h42chccl3 is a colourless crystalline organochloride insecticide. Physical properties and health effects of pesticides used. It has been easily formulated in almost every form which includes solutions in petroleum distillates, emulsifiable concentrates, and smoke candles. During and after world war ii, ddt was found to be effective against lice, fleas, and mosquitoes the carriers of typhus, of plague, and of malaria and yellow fever, respectively as. Ecological soil screening levels for ddt and metabolites oswer directive 9285. Physical properties of ddt created by the reaction of trichloroethanol with chlorobenzene stable, nonflammable, combustible molecule able to perform substitution reactions because of its chlorine atoms. Ddt, dde, and ddd 266 draft for public comment chapter 4.
Chemical properties of ddt, dde, and ddd atsdr, 2002. Chlorobenzene production in the united states has declined by more than 60% from its peak in 1960. Ddt, prepared by the reaction of chloral with chlorobenzene in the presence of sulfuric acid, was first made in 1874. The information in the pocket guide includes chemical structures or formulas, identification codes, synonyms, exposure limits, chemical and physical properties, incompatibilities and reactivities, measurement methods, respirator selections, signs and symptoms of exposure, and procedures for emergency treatment. Identity, physical and chemical properties of pesticides, pesticides in the modern world trends in pesticides analysis, margarita stoytcheva, intechopen, doi. The chemical identifier fields include common identification numbers, the nfpa diamond u. Nicotine has not been associated with liver test abnormalities or with clinically apparent hepatotoxicity. No information is available on the acute shortterm or chronic longterm effects of dde. Ddt is the first chlorinated organic insecticide and was prepared in the year 1873. Identification product identifier 4,4ddt other means of identification item n10876 cas number 50293 synonyms 1,1,1trichloro2,2bis. Considering the fact that the uses of perlite are based primarily upon its physical and chemical properties, it is aimed to. Chemidplus advanced chemical information with searchable. In aquatic organisms, uptake from water is generally more important, whereas food is the major source for terrestrial fauna.
Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as ddt and metabolites, are moderately or very reactive. Disclaimer use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the agency for toxic substances and disease registry, the public health service, or the u. Concepts, applications, and interactions with the environment article pdf available in bioscience journal 323. Technical ddt is a white amorphous powder that melts over. Haque department of agricultural chemistry, oregon state university, corvallis, oregon 97331 received november 14, 1977. Biomagnification because of ddts chemical properties it has the tendency to accumulate in animals. Properties of elements and compounds objectives in this chapter, you will. Ddt is an organochlorine compound that was introduced for commercial use in 1945 and was used heavily in populated areas for vector control and in agriculture for pest control. It has three allotropic crystalline forms and in its physical and chemical properties it is similar to calcium and barium.
These will affect various effects including the mode of dose transfer and environment issues such as pesticide run off into water courses or half life in the soil. Ecological soil screening levels ecossls are concentrations of contaminants in soil that are. Environmental protection agency, office of pesticide. Ddt and its breakdown products are transported from warmer areas to the arctic by the phenomenon of global distillation, where they then accumulate in the regions food web.
Ddt is created by the reaction of trichloromethanal with chlorobenzene c6h5cl. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. The chemical and physical properties are determined by the structure of the molecule and the nature of the atoms present in the molecule. Epa 1982 manual of analytical methods for the analysis of pesticide residues in human and.
Only select registry of toxic effects of chemical substances rtecs data is presented here. References such as the pesticide manual give molecular weights mw and the physical form appearance and. These will affect various effects including the mode of dose transfer and environment issues such as pesticide run off into water courses or half life in the soil molecular weight and form. The biological activity of a pesticide is influenced by its physical and chemical properties. Toxicological profile for ddt, dde, ddd draft for public comment.
Identity, physical and chemical properties of pesticides. Ddt and its derivatives in drinkingwater world health organization. It is very soluble in fats and most organic solvents and practically insoluble in water. Trade or other names for ddt include anofex, cesarex. Physical state, crystals or powder, crystals, crystals or powder. Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 10, 203211 1979 physical chemical properties of several organophosphates. Other pesticide properties are found in either the sds stability and reactivity section or ecological information section. The physical property fields include properties such as vapor pressure and boiling point, as well as explosive limits and toxic exposure thresholds the information in cameo chemicals comes from a variety of data sources. Benzene physical and chemical properties chemistry byjus. The information in cameo chemicals comes from a variety of data sources. Ddt was first synthesized in 1874, but it was not until 1939 that its insecticidal properties were discovered. Department of health and human services, public health service. Exposure data occupational exposures in insecticide.
Strontium reacts vigorously with water and quickly tarnishes in air, so it must be stored out of contact with air and water. They can then be degraded by chemical and or biological processes. Biomagnification because of ddts chemical properties, it has the tendency to accumulate in animals. Ddt may react with iron, aluminum, aluminum and iron salts, and alkalis. Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. By 1943, lowcost production methods had been developed, and commercial production had begun. Materials in this group may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. While ddts chemical and insecticidal properties were important factors in these victories.
Chemical properties of m,p ddt download as pdf file download as excel file download as 2d mole file predict properties. Nicotine is a natural alkyloid that is a major component of cigarettes and is used therapeutically to help with smoking cessation. Because ddt stores in the fat, its presence would be expected in blood and breast milk samples in populations worldwide. Information also provided for 3,600 nuclides and 4,400 nuclide decay modes. Once ddt has accumulated in the body, it is excreted in the urine, feces, or breast milk. Ddt is popularly known for its insecticidal properties. Some implication in environmental and biological behavior v.
People excessively exposed to ddt while working with the chemical or accidental. The characteristics summarized in the physical and chemical properties tables for each pesticide of concern are described below. Ddd are breakdown products of ddt and have similar chemical and physical properties atsdr, 2002. Nptn general fact sheets are designed to answer questions. The potent insecticidal properties of ddt act by opening sodium channels in insect neurons, causing the neuron to fire spontaneously. Acute, oral exposure to high doses of ddt in humans results in central nervous system. These entries are selfexplanatory and are presented as the range of values reported in the referenced sources, where appropriate. Strontium is a soft, silveryellow, alkalineearth metal. Dde and ddd, are also persistent and have similar chemical and physical properties. Ou chemical safety data no longer updated more details. Department of transportation hazard labels, and a general description of the chemical.
All atsdr toxicological profile pdf files are electronic conversions from other electronic text files. Ddt and its related chemicals persist for a long time in the environment. While working with material safety data sheets msds, i found that manufacturers sometimes used obscure names for constituent chemicals and i didnt always have a good idea of what i was dealing with. Learn more about the types, modes of penetration, uses, and environmental impacts of insecticides. Ddt 1,1,1trichloro2,2bispchlorophenylethane was once produced and used as a broad spectrum pesticide. There is no evidence to suggest that ddt stored in the body will affect human infant birth weight 1,14. A unit of rm 8469 consists of one vial containing approximately 100 mg of 4,4ddt. This leads to uncontrolled spasming and eventual death. Breast milk is often used to measure a populations exposure to ddt. Physical properties and health effects of pesticides used on national park service collections at least 55 different chemical compounds and mixtures including arsenic and mercury may have been used to preserve national park service nps museum collections see conserve o gram 217, chronology of pesticides used on national park service.
Identity, physical and chemical properties of pesticides 5 be used to kill some pests. Sep 26, 2019 agency for toxic substances and disease registry atsdr. See actual entry in rtecs for complete information. If it does find its way into water, it is gradually lost by adsorption onto surfaces ipcs, 1989. Form crystalline solid color colorless odor not available. Ddt is believed to act on the sensory and motor nerve fibers and the motor cortex, inducing repetitive firing in the presynaptic nerve membrane klaassen, amdur, and doull 1986.
762 601 212 1199 438 246 903 1250 1083 1404 264 683 121 503 375 523 589 1082 314 1362 406 814 1257 615 1293 570 215 367 137 843 760 479 1141 1389 1119 729 753 233 1 97 284